Building materials are those materials that are used at the time of constructing buildings and homes. Materials like wood, clay, sand, bricks, rods, concrete, etc., are the essentials without which construction cannot take place.

The types of building materials used for the construction purposes are

Building Materials

1. Natural construction material: Construction materials can be segmented into two types, i.e., natural and synthetic. Natural materials refer to materials that are unprocessed and don’t require any further processing. Synthetic materials are those materials that are made by humans by combining 2-3 other materials.

2. Mud and Clay: The amount of each material used to build different types of buildings. The deciding factor depends on the types of materials being used. Mud is a compound that is the result of the earth’s mixture; it’s a soft, sticky matter. Clay is fine-grained earth that can be molded by adding water and is dried to make bricks, pottery, and ceramics.

3. Rock/stone: This is the solid and dry part of the earth’s surface that is usually found beneath and above the ground. It varies in size and texture. Large mountains and hills are formed by the rocks. Rocks are formed by the composition of many natural elements, and hence, they are readily available in the market. Stones are the oldest building material used since ancient times. It is usually used for building foundations, floors, retaining walls, and columns.

4. Wood: Wood is a product of trees. It is the hard part of the tree that forms the main part of the trunk.

5. Brick and block: A brick is a block made of kiln-fiber material, usually clay or shale, but also low-quality mud. Bricks are widely used for construction purposes as they help to build the walls of buildings. Bricks are rectangular blocks usually hardened by heating or chemical processes.

6. Concrete: Concrete is a composite material made from the combination of aggregate and a binder such as cement. Concretes are strengthened using steel rods or bars. It is made up of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, and water in a suitable proportion. Concrete properties are determined by the quantity and mix ratio of concrete ingredients. The use of concrete has become predominant in construction, where strength and durability are prime factors. There are types of concrete being used in construction, such as plain cement concrete, reinforced cement concrete, and prestressed concrete.

7. Metal: Metal is used for structuring large buildings such as skyscrapers, bridges, flyovers, etc. Metals of various types are used in construction. Steel is the usual choice of constructors, as its major component is iron. There are 3 types of steel used in common

  (a) Rebar steel, also known as steel reinforcement, is one of the vital components of modern construction. Steel is used in order to resist the tension that acts on the member due to bending or later needs.

  (b) Structural steel: It is an alloy of iron made by using carbon and manganese. The structural steel is prefabricated at factories and can be easily erected at the site, making the construction process faster.

  (c) Chicken wire mesh: This is used for the construction of ferroconcrete. Ferroconcrete, also called ferrocement, is a type of reinforced concrete structure made up of cement, fine aggregates, hexagonal or square chicken wire mesh, and water.

8. Cement composites: Cement is a binder. It is a construction material that sets, hardens, and adheres to other materials to bind them together. Cement is produced by burning at a high temperature a definite mixture of calcareous, siliceous, and aluminous raw materials and crushing the resulting clinkers. Cement is the most costly ingredient in concrete and is available in a variety of forms. When cement gets mixed with water, a chemical reaction starts, and it turns into a paste that binds all the materials into it.

Check Out The Best Cement Brand Used In Construction Blog:

https://builders9.com/best-cement-brands-in-india-for-house-construction/